Numbers is the sixteenth skill in the Welsh language tree. It has five lessons, and it teaches the decimal numbering system of Welsh and how it works with plurals and math.
Grammar Notes[]
Numbering systems[]
Welsh has two numbering systems, one based on powers of ten (decimal) and one based on powers of twenty (vigesimal).
The decimal system is the simplest and most common, as we are already use this system in English. For numbers bigger than ten, the form is x tens, y units:
- Un deg pump = 15 (literally "one ten five")
We'll see the vigesimal system in a later skill.
Plurals with numbers[]
When you are using a number with a noun, the noun is not made into a plural:
- dau gi = two dogs
- deg cath = ten cats
Also, objects coming after dau (and dwy) have soft mutation and objects after tri (but not tair) and chwe have aspirant mutations.
Feminine numbers[]
When dau, tri and pedwar are used with feminine nouns, they change to dwy, tair and pedair:
- dwy gath = two cats
- pedair actores = four actresses
Dropping letters[]
When pump, chwech and cant come before nouns, they are instead pum,chwe and cant.
Lessons[]
Lesson 1[]
- un = one
- dau/dwy = two
- tri/tair = three
- pedwar/pedair = four
- pum(p) = five
Lesson 2[]
- chwe(ch) = six
- saith = seven
- wyth = eight
- naw = nine
- deg = ten
- desg = desk
Lesson 3[]
- un deg un = eleven
- un deg dau = twelve
- un deg pump = fifteen
- aderyn = bird
- adar = birds
- can(t) = one hundred
Lesson 4[]
- symiau = sums
- tri deg pedwar = 34
- saith deg tri = 73
- naw deg un = 91
- ... oed = ... years old (use feminine numbers!)
Lesson 5[]
- tynnu = to subtract (literally "to pull")
- adio = to add
- lluosi = to multiply
- rhannu = to divide by
- yn hafal i = equals
References[]
Duolingo Lesson: www.duolingo.com/skill/cy/Numbers