Vacation 2 is the 47th skill (assuming read left to right) in the Japanese language course. It has 5 lessons.
Grammar Notes[]
Summarize, but do not quote, any grammar notes provided with this skill. Notes from Duolingo are copyrighted, and cannot be added here verbatim without permission. Make sure to reference any tips and notes from Duolingo or anywhere else.
Lessons[]
Lesson 1[]
- 国 (ku-ni) = country; state; region (くに)
- お国 (o-ku-ni) = honorable country (as in: "your country") (おくに)
- 外国 (gai-ko-ku) = foreign countries (がいこく)
- 外国語 (gai-ko-ku-go) = foreign languages (がいこくご)
- 言って (i-tte) = I tell (いって)
- 本当のこと (hon-tō-no-ko-to) = the truth (ほんとうのこと)
- (action in plain past) + ことがあります = I have [done the (action)]
- 行く (i-ku) = (plain form) to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location) (いく)
- 行った (i-tta) = plain past of 行く (i-ku) went/been to
- 行ったことがあります (i-tta-ko-to-ga-a-ri-ma-su) = I have been to (いったことがあります)
- 見る (mi-ru) = (plain form) to see; to look; to watch; to view (みる)
- 見た (mi-ta) = plain past of 見る (mi-ru) saw; looked; watched; viewed
- 見たことがあります (mi-ta-ko-to-ga-a-ri-ma-su) = I have seen (it) (みたことがあります)
- (action in plain past) + ことがありますか = Have you ever [done the (action)]?
- 行ったことがありますか？(i-tta-ko-to-ga-a-ri-ma-su-ka) = have you ever been to? (いったことがありますか)
- 見たことがあるの？(mi-ta-ko-to-ga-a-ru-no) = have you ever seen (it)? (みたことがあるの)
- に行くのが好きです (ni-i-ku-no-ga-suu-ki-de-su) = I like to go to
Lesson 2[]
- 旅館 (ryo-kan) = a traditional Japanese inn (りょかん)
- 暇 (hi-ma) = spare time; free time; leisure (ひま)
- が (ga) = Used as a contraster between a main-clause and a sub-clause (similar to "but..." or "however...")[1] [1]
- (main-clause) + が + (sub-clause) = (main-clause) but/however (sub-clause)
- このお土産はきれいですが、高いです = This souvenir is pretty, but/however it is expensive
- (main-clause) + が + (sub-clause) = (main-clause) but/however (sub-clause)
- (verb in plain form) + つもり + です/だ = ((verb)-tsu-mo-ri-desu/da) = (I) plan to/(I) intend to (verb)[2] [2]
- 読む (yo-mu) = (plain form) to read; to recite; to chant (よむ)
- 読むつもりです = I plan/intend to read
- 飲む (no-mu) = (plain form) to drink; to gulp; to swallow (のむ)
- 飲むつもりだ = I plan/intend to drink
- 行く (i-ku) = (plain form) to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location) (いく)
- 行くつもりです = I plan/intend to go
- (verb stem) + たい = (I) want to (verb) [2]
- 読み (yo-mi) = verb stem of 読む (yo-mu) to read
- 読みたいです (yo-mi-ta-i-de-su) = I want to read (よみたいです)
- 行きたいですか？(i-ki-tai-de-su-ka) = do you want to go? (いきたいですか)
- (verb stem) + たくない = (I) don't want to (verb) [2]
- 食べ (ta-be) = verb stem of 食べる (ta-be-ru) to eat
- 食べたくない (ta-be-ta-ku-nai) = I do not want to eat (たべたくない)
- 泳ぎたくないです (o-yo-gi-ta-ku-nai-de-su) = I do not want to swim (およぎたくないです)
- 気分です (ki-bun-de-su) = I am in the mood to / I'm feeling
- 読んでいる (yo-n-de-i-ru) = I am reading (よんでいる)
- 散歩したい気分です (san-po-shi-tai-ki-bun-de-su) = I am in the mood for a walk (さんぽしたいきぶんです)
Lesson 3[]
- チケット (chi-ke-tto) = ticket/tickets
- 後 (ato) = after; later (あと)
- 仕事の後 (shi-goto-no-ato) = after work (しごとのあと)
- 後で (ato-de) = afterwards; later (あとで)
- やる (ya-ru) = to do; to perform; to play; to act (casual version of する)
- 後でやります (ato-de-ya-ri-ma-s
u) = (I) will do it later (あとでやります) - 見た後で (mi-ta-no-chi-de) = after watching (みたのちで)
- 段々 (dan-dan) = more and more; gradually; by degrees; little by little (だんだん)
- なる (na-ru) = to become; to get; to grow
- だんだん寒くなります (dan-dan-sa-mu-ku-na-ri-ma-su)= It gets colder and colder (だんだんさむくなります)
- (age) + になります (ni-na-ri-ma-su) = (I am) going to become/turn (age)
- 三十五歳になります (san-juu-go-sai-ni-na-ri-ma-su) = (I am) turning 35 (さんじゅうごさいになります)
- (verb stem) + たかった = (I) wanted to (verb) [2]
- 行き (i-ki) = verb stem of 行く (i-ku) to go
- 行きたかった (i-ki-ta-ka-tta) = (I) wanted to go (いきたかった)
- 食べ (ta-be) = verb stem of 食べる (ta-be-ru) to eat
- 食べたかった (ta-be-ta-ka-tta) = (I) wanted to eat (たべたかった)
- 買い (ka-i) = verb stem of 買う (ka-u) to buy
- 買いたかった (ka-i-ta-ka-tta) = (I) wanted to buy (かいたかった)
- チケットを買いたかったです (chi-ke-tto-wo-ka-i-ta-ka-tta-de-su)= (I) wanted to buy a ticket (チケットをかいたかったです)
- (verb stem) + たくなかった = (I) didn't want to (verb) [2]
- 飲み (no-mi) = verb stem of 飲む (no-mu) to drink
- 飲みたくなかった (no-mi-ta-ku-na-ka-tta) = (I) didn't want to drink (のみたくなかった)
- り = Usted to list representative activities [3]
- (activity in plain past) + り = things like (activity)
- 行く (i-ku) = (plain form) to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location) (いく)
- 行った (i-tta) = plain past of 行く(i-ku) to go (いった)
- 行ったり (i-tta-ri) = things like going (to)
- フランスに行ったり = things like going to France
- 買い物に行ったり (ka-i-mo-no-ni-i-tta-ri) = things like going shopping (かいものにいったり)
- 見た (mi-ta) = plain past of 見る (mi-ru) to watch (みた)
- テレビを見たり (te-re-bi-o-mi-ta-ri) = things like watching TV (テレビをみたり)
- (activity in plain past) + り = things like (activity)
- したい = want to do
- テレビを見たりしたいです (te-re-bi-wo-mi-ta-ri-shi-ta-i-de-s
u) = (I) want to do things like watching TV - ドイツに行ったりしたいです (do-i-tsu-ni-i-tta-ri-shi-ta-i-de-s
u) = (I) want to do things like going to Germany
- テレビを見たりしたいです (te-re-bi-wo-mi-ta-ri-shi-ta-i-de-s
Lesson 4[]
- 便利 (ben-ri) = convenient (べんり)
- 所 (sho) (to-ko-ro) = place
- て/で (te/de) = used to connect two or more い (i)-adjectives/な (na)-adjectives [4]
- To convert い (i)-adjectives into て (te) form = just take off い (i) and add くて (ku-te)
- 甘い (ama-i) = sweet; sugary -> becomes 甘くて (ama-ku-te)
- 難しい (muzuka-shi-i) = difficult; hard -> becomes 難しくて (muzuka-shi-ku-te)
- 小さい (chii-sa-i) = small; tiny -> becomes 小さくて (chii-sa-ku-te)
- To convert な (na)-adjectives into て (te) form = just add で (de) to the simple form of the adjective (don’t add な to the end)
- 静か (shizu-ka) = quiet –> becomes 静かで (shizu-ka-de)
- 便利 (ben-ri) = convenient -> becomes 便利で (ben-ri-de)
- きれい (ki-re-i) = pretty -> becomes きれいで (ki-re-i-de)
- To connect two or more adjectives in a sentence = just change the first adjective into て (te)-form
- 小さくて便利です = (It is) small and convenient
- 大きくて新しいです = (It is) big and new
- 便利で安い = convenient and inexpensive
- きれいで安いです = (It is) pretty and inexpensive
- To convert い (i)-adjectives into て (te) form = just take off い (i) and add くて (ku-te)
- あなたの言いたいことはわかります (anata no iitai koto wa wakarimasu) = I understand what you mean/I understand what you want to say
Lesson 5[]
- アイヌ (ai-nu) = Ainu (indigenous people of Japan)
- 会う (a-u) = to meet; to encounter; to see (あう)
- 辺 (hen) = area; vicinity; region (へん)
- この辺 (ko-no-hen) = this area; around here (このへん)
- 旅 (ta-bi) = trip; journey (it tends to be used for the process of a travel) (たび) [5]
- e.g. 京都の旅 (きょうとのたび): includes how to go to Kyoto, people you met and happening, from when you left to when you arrive at home.
- 旅行 (ryo-kō) = travel; trip; journey (it tends to be used for a travel which has clear purpose or goal (りょこう) [5]
- e.g. 京都旅行 (きょうとりょこう): travel to Kyoto (sightseeing or business)
- 旅に出ました (ta-bi-ni-de-ma-shi-ta) = went on a trip /embarked on a journey
- 旅している (ta-bi-shi-te-i-ru) = traveling (たびしている)
- 旅をしました (ta-bi-shi-ma-shi-ta) = went on a journey /traveled
- 旅行する (ryo-kō su-ru) = go on vacation
- 旅行をするの (ryo-kō-o-su-ru-no) = traveling (りょこうをするの)
- 海外 (kai-gai) = abroad/overseas (かいがい)
- 海外旅行 (kai-gai-ryo-kō) = trip abroad; overseas travel (かいがいりょこう)
- 一周 (i-sshuu) = one round; one lap; one circuit; also used to express "to go around" (いっしゅう)
- ヨーローパ一周の (Europe i-sshuu-no) = around Europe
- ヨーローパ一周の旅に出ました (Europe i-sshuu-no-ta-bi-ni-de-ma-shi-ta) = went on a trip (going) around Europe
- (verb stem) + たい = (I) want to (verb) [5]
- する (su-ru) = to do; to carry out; to perform
- し = stem of する (su-ru)
- したい (shi-tai) = (I) want to do
- 一周したいです (i-sshuu-shi-tai-de-su) = I want to travel around
- 出かけるつつもりです (de-ka-ke-ru-tsu-mo-ri-de-su) = I intend to go (out)