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Ability is the 52nd skill (assuming read left to right) in the Japanese language course. It has 7 lessons.

Grammar Notes[]

Summarize, but do not quote, any grammar notes provided with this skill. Notes from Duolingo are copyrighted, and cannot be added here verbatim without permission. Make sure to reference any tips and notes from Duolingo or anywhere else.

Lessons[]

Lesson 1[]

  • 音 (o-to) = sound/sounds, noise/noises (おと)
  • 若く (wa-ka-ku) = young (わかく)
  • 声 (koe) = (1) voice; (2) singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect) (こえ)
  • 怖くて (ko-wa-ku-te) = I was scared and (こわくて)
  • 聞こえましたか?(ki-ko-e-ma-shi-ta-ka) = could you hear? (きこえましたか)
  • 聞こえた (ki-ko-e-ta) = I could hear (きこえた)
  • 聞こえなかった (ki-ko-e-na-ka-tta) = I could not hear (きこえなかった)
  • 動けなかった (u-go-ke-na-ka-tta) = I could not move (うごけなかった)
  • 動けません (u-go-ke-ma-sen) = I cannot move (うごけません)
  • 買えません (ka-e-ma-sen) = I cannot buy (かえません)
  • 行けません (i-ke-ma-sen) = I cannot go (いけません)
  • 見えない (mi-e-nai) = I cannot see it (みえない)
  • 買えない (ka-e-nai) = I cannot buy it (かえない)
  • 行けない (i-ke-nai) = I cannot go (いけない)
  • 行けます (i-ke-ma-su) = I can go (いけます)
  • 見える (mi-e-ru) = I can see (みえる)
  • 見えます (mi-e-ma-su) = I see/I look (みえます)
  • 買えますか?(ka-e-ma-su-ka) = can I buy? (かえますか)
  • 動けますか?(u-go-ke-ma-su-ka) = can you move? (うごけますか)
  • 見えますか?(mi-e-ma-su-ka) = can you see? (みえますか)
  • 会えますか?(a-e-ma-su-ka) = can you meet me? (あえますか)

Lesson 2[]

  • カード (kaa-do) = card
  • 書ける (ka-ke-ru) = I can write (かける)
  • 使う (tsuka-u) = (1) to use (a thing, a method, etc.); to make use of (v5u, vt) (つかう)
  • 使えますか?(tsu-ka-e-ma-su-ka) = can I use it? (つかえますか)
  • 書けますか?(ka-ke-ma-su-ka) = can you write? (かけますか)
  • 食べられますか?(ta-be-ra-re-ma-su-ka) = can you eat it? (たべられますか)
  • 食べにくかったです (ta-be-ni-ku-ka-tta) = it was hard to eat
  • 飲めますか?(no-me-ma-su-ka) = can you drink it? (のめますか)
  • 使えない (tsu-ka-e-nai) = I cannot use (つかえない)
  • 飲めません (no-me-ma-sen) = I cannot drink (のめません)
  • 飛ぶ (to-bu) = (v5b, vi) to fly; to soar (とぶ) [1]
  • 飛べない (to-be-nai) = cannot fly (とべない)
  • 作りやすいですか (tsu-ku-ri ya-su-i de-su-ka) = is it easy to make?
  • 作りにくいですか (tsu-ku-ri ni-ku-i de-su-ka) = is it hard to make?

Lesson 3[]

  • 信じ (shin-ji) = believe (しんじ)
  • 誰にも (dare-ni-mo) = (exp) (1) to anyone; to everyone (だれにも)
  • かかります (ka-ka-ri-ma-su) = it costs

Lesson 4[]

  • 踊る (odo-ru) = to dance (orig. a hopping dance) (v5r, vi) (P) (おどる)
  • 直す (nao-su) = (2) to fix; to correct; to repair (v5s, vt) (なおす)
  • こう言う = such; this sort of; like this (こういう)
  • 質問に答える (shi-tsu-mo-n ni ko-ta-e-ru) = to answer a question (exp, v1) (しつもんにこたえる)
  • どういうことですか?= what do you mean by that?
  • 言ったことを覚えていますか (I-tta ko-to o o-bo-e-te-i-ma-su-ka) = Do you remember what (I) said

Lesson 5[]

  • 道具 (dou-gu) = tool
  • 小説 (shou-setsu) = novel
  • (hako) = (1) box; case; chest; package; pack; crate (はこ)
  • サンドイッチ (san-do-i-cchi) = sandwich
  • サラダ (sa-ra-da) = salad
  • To express "(something) is easy/hard to do": (-ます stem of a verb) + (やすい / にくい)
    • 作る (tsuku-ru) = (1) to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct (v5r, vt) (つくる)
    • 作ります (tsuku-ri-ma-su) = -ます form of 作る
    • 作り (tsuku-ri) = -ます stem of 作ります
      • 作りやすい (tsuku-ri-ya-su-i) = easy to make (つくりやすい)
      • 作りにくい (tsuku-ri-ni-ku-i) = difficult to make (つくりにくい)
    • 分かる (wa-ka-ru) = (1) to understand; to grasp; to comprehend (v5r, vi) (わかる)
    • 分かります (wa-ka-ri-ma-su)= -ま form of 分かる
    • 分かり (wa-ka-ri) = -ます stem of 分かります
      • 分かりやすい (wa-ka-ri-ya-su-i) = easy to understand
      • 分かりにくい (wa-ka-ri-ni-ku-i)= difficult to understand
  • To express "(something) was easy/hard to do": (-ます stem of a verb) + (やすかった / にくかった)
    • 作りやすかった (tsuku-ri-ya-su-ka-tta) = was easy to make (つくりやすかった)
    • 食べにくかった (ta-be-ni-ku-ka-tta) = was difficult to eat (たべにくかった)
  • To express "(something) was not easy/hard to do": (-ます stem of a verb) + (やすくなかった / にくくなかった)
    • 作りやすくなかった (tsuku-ri-ya-su-ku-na-ka-tta)= was not easy to make (つくりやすくなかった)
    • 分かりにくくなかった (wa-ka-ri-ni-ku-ku-na-ka-tta) = was not difficult to understand (わかりにくくなかった)

Lesson 6[]

  • 磨い (mi-gai) = polish
  • ぴかぴか (pi-ka-pi-ka) = shine/shiny (written in hiragana)
  • ピカピカ (pi-ka-pi-ka) = shine/shiny (written in katakana)
  • ピカピカに磨いてある (pi-ka-pi-ka-ni-mi-gai-te-a-ru) = It is a polished shine
  • 十分 (juu-bun) = (1) enough; sufficient; plenty; (...) (adj-na) (じゅうぶん)
  • 十分な... (juu-bun-na) = enough, sufficient
  • 十分な時間 (juu-bun-na-ji-kan) = enough time
  • 時間が十分ありませんでした (ji-kan-ga-jū-bun a-ri-ma-sen-de-shi-ta) = I didn't have/There wasn't enough time
  • すぐに (su-gu-ni) = quickly, immediately
  • すぐに覚えました (su-gu-ni-obo-e-ma-shi-ta) = quickly learned
  • 両方 (ryou-hou) = both, both sides, both parties
  • 仕方がない (shi-kata-ga-na-i) = (1) there's no (other) way; (2) cannot be helped; unavoidable; inevitable; (...) (exp, adj-i) (しかたがない)
  • To express "the way/how to do something": (-ます (ma-su) stem of a verb) + (方 (かた) (kata)) [1]
    • する (su-ru) = (1) to do; to carry out; to perform (vs-i)
    • します (shi-ma-su) = -ます form of する
    • し (shi) = -ます stem of します
    • しかた (shi-ka-ta) = the way/how to do (something)
      • 仕方(shi-kata) = way; method; means; resource; course
    • 料理 (ryou-ri) = (1) cooking; cookery; cuisine; (...) (n, vs) (りょうり)
      • 料理の仕方 = how to do the cooking/the way to do the cooking
    • 買う(Kau=buy) -> 買い方(Kai Kata)='how to buy'
    • 切符(Kippu=a ticket)の買い方='how to buy a ticket'
    • 購入(Konyu=buying or a purchase)の仕方='how to do buying' or 'how to make a purchase'
    • 切符の購入の仕方='how to make a purchase of (a) ticket'
  • To express "to (do something); in order to": (verb in plain form) + (のに) [2]
    • 乗る (no-ru) = (1) to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to board (v5r, vi) (のる)
    • 乗るのに = (in order) to get on (the train; plane; etc.)
      • 電車に乗るのに = (in order) to get on the train (でんしゃにのるのに)
    • 買う (ka-u) = (1) to buy; to purchase (v5u, vt) (かう)
    • 買うのに = (in order) to buy
      • この車を買うのに = (in order) to buy this car (このくるまをかうのに)

Lesson 7[]

  • 使い方 (tsu-kai-ka-ta) = way to use something; treatment; managment (of help)
  • 道具 (dou-gu) = (1) tool; instrument; utensil; (...) (どうぐ)
  • 言葉 (koto-ba) = (2) word; phrase; expression; term (ことば)
  • (x)の作り方 (tsu-ku-ri-ka-ta) = how to make x
  • 作り方を知っている (tsu-ku-ri-ka-ta-o-shi-tte-i-ru) = knows how to make
  • 知る (shi-ru) = (1) to know; to be aware of; to be conscious (v5r, vt) (しる)
  • 教える (oshi-e-ru) = (1) to teach; to instruct (2) to tell; to inform (v1, vt) (おしえる)
  • 視る (mi-ru) = (5) to try ...; to give ... a try (aux-v, v1) (uk) (みる)
  • 事の仕方 (shi-go-to-no-shi-ka-ta) = know how to work
  • 仕方がない (shi-ka-ta-ga-nai) = It cannot be helped; it's no use
  • 食べてみたいみる = I will try
  • 直すのに (na-o-su-no-ni) = to fix
  • (x) を読んで見たいです (x o-yon-de mi-tai) = I want to try reading (something)
  • To express "the way/how to do something": (-ます (ma-su) stem of a verb) + ( (かた) (kata))
    • 使い方 (tsu-kai-kata) = (the) way/how to use something; treatment; managment (of help)
    • 泳ぎ方 (oyo-gi-kata) = (the) way/how to swim (およぎかた)
    • 作り方 (tsuku-ri-kata) = (the) way/how to make (つくりかた)
    • 書き方 (ka-ki-kata) = (the) way/how to write (かきかた)
    • 読み方 (yo-mi-kata) = (the) way/how to read (よみかた)
  • To express "to try something out": (verb in -て(te) form) + (みる) [3]
    • 食べてみた = try to eat
    • 教えてみた = try to teach
    • 読んでみたい = want to try to read
    • 飲んでみました = tried drinking
    • 行ってみる = going to check (try)
    • 食べてみたい = want to try eating

References[]


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