Instrumental is the 25th skill in the High Valyrian language course. It's got 3 lessons.
Grammar notes[]
The instrumental case is assigned to the tool by or through which the action of the verb is completed. Crucially for Valyrian, the canonical use of the instrumental is with an inanimate object, as shown below:
- Arghuryssy ohilvosy arghusi. (The hunters are hunting with daggers)
- The girl attacked the enemy with a sword.
In High Valyrian, the instrumental case is also used to mark the object (or one of the objects) of a number of verbs. For example, for the verb kisikagon "to feed", you use the accusative with the direct object (the one who is fed), but you use the instrumental with the food one is fed. The instrumental is used for:
- the only object of mijegon "to lack"
- the name (not the one named) for the verb brōzagon "to name/to be named"
- the thing owed for the verb enkagon "to owe"
- the type of armor or garment worn for the verb jomīsagon "to wear, to carry".
The form of the instrumental, as with the comitative case, which you'll learn soon, varies. The basic form of the singular ending is formed by adding the consonant s (most nouns) to the genitive and then adding the theme vowel.
- NOM: soljanna "rudder"
- GEN: soljanno
- INS: soljannosa "with the rudder"
For nouns ending in -y or -ys we use an m instead of an s.
- NOM: qilōny "whip"
- GEN: qilōno
- INS: qilōnomy "with the whip"
Lesson 1[]
- Qilōny : Whip
- Ohīlvos: Knife, dagger
- Egry : Razor
- Somby: Shield
- Kisikagon : To feed
Lesson 2[]
- Jomīsagon: To wear
- Mīsvos: Armor
| High Valyrian | |
|---|---|
| High Valyrian Skills | Basics 1 • Phrases 1 • Basics 2 • Demonstratives 1 • Lunar • Solar • Aquatic • Terrestrial • Genitive 1 • Possessive Adjectives • Family • Questions • Animals • Verbs: Present • Sizes • Food • Dative • Negation • Pronouns • Locative • Phrases • Colours • Commands • Verbs: Perfect • Instrumental • Comitative • Body • Adverbs • Numerals 1 • Verbs: Future • Verbs: Infinitive • Demonstratives 2 • The World • Passive • Nature • Clothing • Emotions • Valence • Excuses • Cuisine • Dragons • Esteem • Construct • |