Czech Skill:Verbs: Present 1

Verbs: Present 1

Information
Language	Czech
Skills	91
Skill No.	22
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Verbs: Present 1 is the17th skill (assuming read left to right) of the Czech language tree. It has 7 lessons and introduces the conjugation of Czech verbs in the present tense.

Grammar Notes[]

Introduction to present tense[]

Czech verbs conjugate to agree in number and person. They can be classified to their 3rd person singular endings. From there the other conjugated endings can be predicted with some regularity.

Class	1	2	3	4	5
Stem-	nes-	stár-	kupu-	sp-	děl-
-ending'	-e	-ne	-je	-í	-á
Já	u	nu	ju, ji	ím	ám
Ty	eš	neš	ješ	íš	áš
On	e	ne	je	í	á
My	eme	neme	jeme	íme	áme
Vy	ete	nete	jete	íte	áte
Oni	ou	nou	jou, jí	í	ají

The mnemonic žene je bída (poverty compels them) can be used to remember the sequence of the 3rd person singular endings.
Where there are two endings given, the one listed first is more informal.
Czech has only one present tense. Whether this is translated into the present simple, present continuous, present perfect continuous, and present perfect in English depends on context.

Verbs of Motion[]

This is a tricky group of verbs especially when trying to find the corresponding English term.

Czech	Englsih
jde	go (by foot), walk, come
jede	go (by vehicle/animal), ride, drive, come
nese	carry, bring from, take to
vede	lead, bring from, take to

These Czech verbs specify the means of the movement, but not on its direction, unlike English verbs of movement like take and bring.
While many Czech present tense verbs can easily correspond to both simple and continuous present tense in English, these movement verbs are more difficult. In their core meaning, they are restricted to single, one-directional actions. Hence the English simple present, which suggest habitual or regular movement is ill-suited for translating them. Thus the present continuous is more suitable.

Lessons[]

Lesson 1[]

Dělám čaj = I am making tea
Kdo miluje mě = Who loves me
Já to nedělám = I do not do it
Kdo nestárné = Who is not getting older
Františku, vy nestárnete = František, you do not age
Kde dělá František = Where does František work
Kdo nás nenávidí = Who hates us
Miluji svou ženu = I love my wife
Nenávidím to = I hate it
Já ted' čtu tu velkou knihu = I am now reading that big book
Stárneš = You are getting older
To nečteme = We do not read that
Proč mě nemiluješ = Why don't you love me
Proč ho nenávidíš = Why do you hate him
Proč to děláš = Why do you do it
Jak pomalu to děláš? = How slowly do you do it?
Co to čteš = What are you reading
Miluju ženy = I love women

Lesson 2[]

On ale nepíše = But he does not write
Počítáme dny a noci = We are counting days and nights
Nás nepočítáte = Are you not counting us
Jmenuji se Žofie = My name is Žofie
Píšeme ted' knihu = We are writing a book now
Píšu to = I am writing it
Jak se jmenuješ = What is your name
Jak se jmenuje to náměsti = What is the name of that square
Jmenují se František a Matěj = Their names are František and Matěj
Proč nespíš = Why are you not sleeping
Žofie ted spí' = Žofie is sleeping now
Počítájí svá prasata = They are counting their pigs

Lesson 3[]

Vy vajíčka kupujete kde = Where do you buy eggs
Začínají teď = They are beginning now
Začíná to teď. = It begins now.
To auto nekupuji = We are not buying the car
Jak se jmenujete a kde bydlíte = What is your name and where do you live
Matěj teď bydlí tady = Matěj lives here now
Co to neseš = What are you carrying
Kde bydlejí = Where do they live
Kdy začínáme = When do we begin
Kupujeme nový dům = We are buying a new house
Oni tady nebydlí = They are not living here
Nesu hrušky = I am carrying pears
Ten strom nese dobrá jablka = This tree yields good apples
Odkud nesete ty vecí? = Where are you bringing the things from?

Lesson 4[]

On prodává jejího koně = He is selling her horse
On to nevyrábí = He does not make it
Který automobil prodáváš = Which car do you sell
To neprodáváme = We do not sell it
Vyrábíme dobrý sýr = We make good cheese
Neexistujeme = We do not exist
Františku , ty existuješ = František, do you exist
Jak to jde = How is it going
Co vyrábí oni = What do they make
To jméno neexistuje = This name does not exist
Kam jdou = Where are they going

Lesson 5[]

To dítě ji neposlouchá =The child does not listen to her
Já vím = I know
Medvědi to nevědí = Bears do not know it
Slyšíš, ale neposloucháš = You hear but are not listening
Kam vede ta ulice = Where does this street lead
Chléb a sýr obsahujou sůl = Do bread and cheese contain salt
Obsahuje vaše polévka maso? = Does your soup contain meat?
Kdo ví = Who knows
Co posloucháte = What are you listening to
Jablka a hrušky obsahují cukr = Apples and pears contain sugar
Naši kluci vedou = Our boys lead
Odkud ji znáš? = Where do you know her from?
Odkud jdou? = Where are they coming from?
Vede je žena. = A woman leads them.

Lesson 6[]

Co znamenají ta zvláštní slova = What does that strange word mean
Kateřino, proč pláčeš = Katerina, why are you crying
Co to znamená = What does it mean
Ted', ale placeme = But now we are crying
Jak ta kniha končí = How does this book end
Kluci nepláčou = Boys do not cry
Koho respektuješ ty = Whom do you respect
Já tady končím = I am done here
Respektuješ ji? = Do you respect her?
Já ji respektuji = I respect her
Jeho nerespektuju = I don't respect him

Lesson 7[]

Ty mluvíš a já poslouchám = You speak and I listen
Teď mluvím já = I am speaking now
Co říkáš = What are you saying
Pamatuješ se na toho chlapce = Do you remember that boy
Jedeme = We are going
Já nejedu = I am not going
Kdo teď mluví = Who is speaking now
František to slovo neříká = František does not say that word
Proč to říkáte = Why do you say that
Pamatuji na jeho slova = I remember his words
Tebe nehledám = I am not looking for you
Kdo na mě čeká = Who is waiting for me
František tě má rád = František likes you
Potřebuje mě = He needs me
Mám tě rád = I like you
Proč mne potřebuješ = Why do you need me