| Describe Something | |
|---|---|
| Language | Czech |
| Skills | 91 |
| Skill No. | 6 |
| Previous skill | Neuter |
| Next skill | Describe People |
Describe Something is the 5th skill of the Czech language tree.
Grammar Notes[]
Singular forms of "to be"[]
- (Já) jsem = I am
- (Ty) jsi = informal You are
- (On/Ona/Ono) je = He/She/It is
The subject pronouns Já, Ty and so on may be omitted. If included, it would be interpreted (with some exceptions) as adding emphasis.
Pronoun "to"[]
"To" has several functions:
- a definite article or demonstrative adjective "that" for singular neuter nouns
- To zvíře je staré. (The/that animal is old.)
- As demonstrative attached to singular nouns
- To je dobré/nové. (It/that is good/new.)
- As a stand-alone subject of a sentence with a noun in the predicate. The noun can be any gender, not necessarily neuter.
- To je nový stroj. (It/that is a new machine.)
- Je to mladá žena. (She is a young woman.)
- Je to malé dítě. (It is a little child.)
- As a stand-alone subject of a sentence without a noun in the adjectival predicate. Here the pronoun must agree in number and gender with the adjective:
- Ta je nová. (That [one] is new.)
- Ten je nový.
- To je nové.
Negation[]
- (Já) nejsem (I am not)
- (Ty) nejsi (informal You are not)
- (On/Ona/Ono) není (He/She/It is not)
Czech verbs can usually be negated by adding ne in front but není is one of the rare exceptions.
Yes/no questions[]
Questions inviting a yes/no answer are like statements, with a question mark at the end. In speech, the question is indicated by a rising tone.
Informal vs formal You[]
The ty form is the informal singular. Czech also has a formal you form to be introduced later.
Lessons[]
Lesson 1[]
- pero = pen
- strom = tree
- Je to džus. = It is juice.
- Je ten strom starý? = Is that tree old?
- Ano a ne. = Yes and no.
- Je to myš. = It is a mouse.
- Ten muž je vysoký. = That man is tall.
- Ten strom je vysoký. = That tree is tall.
- Žofie je mladá a vysoká. = Žofie is young and tall.
- Ty jsi Jakub? = Are you Jakub?
- Ty jsi Žofie? = Are you Žofie?
- Ty jsi mladá. = You are young.
- To dítě je vysoké. = That child is tall.
- Ten strom je velký a starý. = That tree is big and old.
- Je to nové pero. = It is a new pen.
- Kde je to nové pero? = Where is the new pen?
- To nové pero je tady. = The new pen is here.
- Ne, to není strom. = No, that is not a tree.
- Ale to není strom. = But that is not a tree.
- Je to vysoký strom. = It is a tall tree.
- Jsi velký kluk. = You are a big boy.
- Ne, nejsi stará. = No, you are not old.
- František je vysoký muž. = František is a tall man.
- Dítě je velké a žena malá. = The child is big and the woman is small.
- á é ě í ó ú Ú ů ý č Č ň ř Ř š Š ť ž Ž
Lesson 2[]
- učitel = teacher (male)
- had = snake
- cizinec = foreigner
- Je to had? = Is it a snake?
- Nejsem dítě. = I am not a child.
- Ty jsi Čech? = You are Czech?
- Já nejsem Čech. = I am not Czech.
- Je Matěj Čech? = Is Matěj Czech?
- Ten mladý Čech je vysoký. = That young Czech is tall.
- Je to malý muž. = He is a small man.
- To není muž ale kluk. = That is not a man but a boy.
- Je to učitel. = He is a teacher.
- Je to dobrý učitel. = He is a good teacher.
- Ten učitel není dobrý. = That teacher is not good.
- Ty jsi cizinec? = Are you a foreigner?
- Je to dlouhý had. = It is a long snake.
- Je to dlouhý banán. = It is a long banana.
- To slovo je nové. = The word is new.
- To slovo je dlouhé. = That word is long.
- Kde ta stará cizinka jí? = Where does the old foreigner eat?
- Kde je ten had? = Where is that snake?
- Ne, já nejsem cizinec. = No, I am not a foreigner.
- á é ě í ó ú Ú ů ý č Č ň ř Ř š Š ť ž Ž
Lesson 3[]
- ovce = sheep
- Jsi ovce? = Are you a sheep?
- To není velká ovce. = That is not a big sheep.
- Ta ovce je stará. = That sheep is old.
- Ne, není. = No, it is not.
- On není mladý. = He is not young.
- František není učitel. = František is not a teacher.
- Máma je Češka. = Mom is Czech.
- Je to Češka. = She is Czech.
- Je Žofie Češka? = Is Žofie Czech?
- Ta holka není Češka. = That girl is not Czech.
- Máma je cizinka. = Mom is a foreigner.
- Je to cizinka. = She is a foreigner.
- Není velká, ale malá. = She is not big, but small.
- Ta nová košile je velká. = The new shirt is large.
- Velké mléko prosím. = Large milk please.
- To zvíře je mladé, ale velké. = The animal is young, but big.
- Ten strom není malý, ale velký. = The tree is not small, but big.
- To je učilteka. = She is a teacher.
- Ta vysoká cizinka je učilteka. = The tall foreigner is a teacher.
- Velké mléko, prosím. = A large milk, please.
- To velké zvíře není koza. = that big animal is not a goat.
- á é ě í ó ú Ú ů ý č Č ň ř Ř š Š ť ž Ž
Lesson 4[]
- voda = water
- pták = bird
- rajče = tomato
- tričko = T-shirt
- pes = dog
- kočka = cat
- koza = goat
- Je to malý pták. = It is a small bird.
- Je to velký pták. = It is a large bird.
- Je to rajče? = Is it a tomato?
- To není pes. = That is not a dog.
- To není kočka. = That is not a cat.
- To není voda. = That is not water.
- Je to nové tričko. = It is a new T-shirt.
- Kde je ta koza? = Where is that goat?
- Ta koza je tady. = The goat is here.
- Je to mladá koza. = It is a young goat.
- Kde je čistá voda? = Where is the clean water?
- Je ta voda čistá? = Is that water clean?
- Je ten pes čistý? = Is that dog clean?
- Ta kočka je čistá. = That cat is clean.
- To tričko je čisté. = That T-shirt is clean.
- To tričko je dlouhé. = That T-shirt is long.
- Je to dlouhé zvíře pes? = Is that long animal a dog?
- Ten pták není malý. = That bird is not small.
- Je to mladá koza. = It is a young goat.
- Záchod není čistý. = The restroom is not clean.
- Je to stará kočka. = It is an old cat.
- Ten pes je velký. = That dog is big.
- Je to velký dům. = It is a large house.
- á é ě í ó ú Ú ů ý č Č ň ř Ř š Š ť ž Ž
References[]